With every AX release it seems the way enumeration values are stored and referenced changes. Thanks to my good friend Muhammad, we now have a great SQL query to look these up in D365. Here is an example for SalesType:
select t1.NAME,t2.ENUMID,t2.ENUMVALUE,t2.NAME EnumValueName from ENUMIDTABLE t1
inner join ENUMVALUETABLE t2 on t1.ID=t2.ENUMID
where t1.NAME='SalesType'